https://www.upennglia.com/briefs daily 0.75 2026-03-23 https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-adolescent-nicotine-morphine monthly 0.5 2026-01-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/74050901-087c-441a-8e44-028e905d3d83/RW_headshot.jpg Briefs - Adolescent nicotine exposure fundamentally changes the brain to make subsequent morphine use in adulthood more rewarding Dr. Ruthie E. Wittenberg was the lead author on this study. Ruthie is currently a postdoc in the lab of Paul Kenny at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Her research is focused on the intersection of cellular immunology and addiction neuroscience. In the future, she hopes to establish an independent academic research career studying the neurobiology of substance use disorders and motivated behaviors. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/404af906-8793-4c17-93c0-e960d90a202c/Picture1.png Briefs - Adolescent nicotine exposure fundamentally changes the brain to make subsequent morphine use in adulthood more rewarding - Make it stand out Figure 1: Schematic representation of how the VTA reward circuit is fundamentally altered after adolescent nicotine use. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/f93b091f-a82e-4f52-a5b3-1ef0a4f35083/Lucas_Tittle.png Briefs - Adolescent nicotine exposure fundamentally changes the brain to make subsequent morphine use in adulthood more rewarding About the brief writer: Lucas Tittle Lucas Tittle is a PhD Candidate in the labs of Dr. Guillaume de Lartigue and Dr. Kevin Bolding. His research is at the intersection of the olfactory system and gut-brain axis, and how external signals like odors and internal signals interact to change feeding behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-neuron-highway monthly 0.5 2026-01-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/c3f3b088-6d9f-4b1d-80e1-c24ddbfa136b/Purvis+Conway+headshot.jpg Briefs - Engineering a Neuron Highway: A New Approach to Brain Repair Dr. Erin Purvis Conway was the lead author on this study. Erin is a Civic Science Fellow at the Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory and the NeuroEngage Lab at UC Irvine. Erin's career lies at the intersection of neuroscience and community engagement. She works to strengthen mutually beneficial partnerships and programs between UC Irvine and the local community. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/69247b9f-9532-4017-a3fa-533f2f03333b/figure+1.png Briefs - Engineering a Neuron Highway: A New Approach to Brain Repair - Figure 1: Illustration of different possible microchannel shapes. Rectangular proved to be the best. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/f57e4b0d-cc36-4637-bfad-1f00996e7b36/emily.c2767736.jpg Briefs - Engineering a Neuron Highway: A New Approach to Brain Repair - About the brief writer: Emily Pickup Emily is a 6th year PhD candidate in Dr. Franz Weber’s lab. She is interested in the biological functions of sleep. Specifically, she is interested in understanding the function of REM sleep-specific p-waves. About the brief writer: Emily Pickup Emily is a 4th year PhD candidate in Dr. Franz Weber’s lab. She is interested in the biological functions of sleep. Specifically, she is interested in understanding the function of REM-specific p-waves. The large pontine waveform implicated in memory consolidation discussed in the brief above. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-histone-h2be monthly 0.5 2025-12-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/d13e3301-fa21-42ee-be34-5f7e6a9d482d/emily+feierman.JPG Briefs - A new discovery for how DNA unwinds in neurons to support brain health and memory Emily Feierman was the lead author on this study. Emily is currently a postdoc in the labs of Kiran Musunuru and Becca Ahrens-Nicklas at Penn/CHOP developing gene editing therapies for rare pediatric metabolic disorders. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/77154a6d-6db6-451d-a85c-c83f3ef5521a/Screenshot+2025-12-12+142859.png Briefs - A new discovery for how DNA unwinds in neurons to support brain health and memory About the brief writer: Joe Stucynski Joe is a graduate student in Dr. Franz Weber’s and Dr. Shinjae Chung’s labs at Penn. He is interested in how the immune system influences sleep regulation during sickness via interoceptive pathways. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-psilocybin-fear monthly 0.5 2025-11-03 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/29a5af1c-02fa-4af9-a7d3-ac2783f4112b/Sophie_Rogers.jpg Briefs - How psychedelics remap the brain to help overcome traumatic fear Sophie A. Rogers was the lead author on this study. Sophie is a sixth-year PhD candidate investigating the impact of psychedelics on cortical computations underlying persistent fear and pain in Dr. Gregory Corder's laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania. Sophie's thesis work has been published in Nature Neuroscience, accepted in Nature, and was awarded an F31 training grant from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. In 2020, Sophie graduated from the University of Chicago with an Honors B.S. in Neuroscience, after completing an undergraduate thesis in the laboratory of Dr. Ming Xu. In 2026, she will join the laboratory of Dr. Maria Geffen at UPenn as a postdoctoral fellow studying the effect of psilocybin on auditory predictive processing in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder. In the future, Sophie hopes to become an independent academic researcher using large-scale neural recordings and computational techniques to understand how psychedelics alter mood, motivation, and decision-making across disease models. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1903b127-9180-4e8b-9b4d-392b71d805fc/SophieR_Jafar_fig1.png Briefs - How psychedelics remap the brain to help overcome traumatic fear - Make it stand out Figure 1. Illustration of the experimental approach used to investigate the effect of psilocybin on traumatic fear memories. The graphs below each box represent the relative amount of freezing that mice, on average, exhibited on a given day of the protocol. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/a70c1e61-28dd-48ee-81f2-676b9753cfd5/jafar+photo_cropped.jpg Briefs - How psychedelics remap the brain to help overcome traumatic fear About the brief writer: Jafar Bhatti Jafar Bhatti is a PhD Candidate in the lab of Dr. Long Ding / Dr. Josh Gold. He is broadly interested in brain systems involved in sensory decision-making. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-sensorimotor-association-axis monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/46ee804c-848c-47d1-ac66-9e423846fd1a/audrey+luo.JPG Briefs - Changes in how brain regions “talk” to each other from childhood to adulthood follow and support a fundamental organizational pattern of the brain Audrey Luo was the lead author on this study. Audrey is a 7th year MD/PhD student fascinated by brain development, which happens to be the topic of her graduate work with Ted Satterthwaite. Having recently defended her PhD, Audrey is heading back to the wards to finish her medical degree. She plans to pursue psychiatry and hopes to combine her research with clinical practice to better understand the human brain and treat mental illness. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1e04da8d-2325-4ec1-ac91-e3862aa7241e/Screenshot+2025-09-29+125336.png Briefs - Changes in how brain regions “talk” to each other from childhood to adulthood follow and support a fundamental organizational pattern of the brain About the brief writer: Kevin Sun Kevin is co-mentored by Drs. Aaron Alexander-Bloch and Ted Satterthwaite, working with functional neuroimaging data to ask questions about development, genetics, and transdiagnostic psychopathology risk. Outside of research, Kevin enjoys film, weightlifting, art museums, and speculative fiction. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-ndnf-dravet-seizures monthly 0.5 2025-06-20 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/10c00f4f-661d-4e96-b499-5210412ea3fc/Sophie_Liebergall.jpeg Briefs - Not all neurons shake during seizures Sophie Liebergalls is a 7th MD-PhD student who is mentored by Ethan Goldberg at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. She is interested in how different types of neurons in the brain send signals to other neurons along their axons, and how this process may be impaired in diseases like epilepsy. After completing medical school, she plans to do a residency in Pediatric Neurology and try to bring insights from the lab to the care of children with neurologic diseases. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/8952ffd5-6173-4cdc-8f0b-f8677ded10ee/Lyndsay_Hastings.JPG Briefs - Not all neurons shake during seizures About the brief writer: Lyndsay Hastings Lyndsay Hastings is a PhD candidate in NGG working in Dr. Tim Machado’s lab. She is interested in how the brain generates flexible and complex movement. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-orexin-tbi-sleep monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/96cb17bb-9436-40fa-b30b-9f17f95fbc00/Rebecca_Somach.png Briefs - How Brain Injuries Affect Sleep-Related Neurons Differently in Male and Female Mice Rebecca Somach was the lead author on this study in the Cohen lab. Rebecca is currently doing her postdoctoral fellowship at Swarthmore College. Her current research uses planarians as a model system to understand how pesticides affect developmental neurotoxicity. She's interested in helping students understand neurobiology and helping them achieve their research goals. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/0f1fce08-24dc-4d25-80a8-b2922d3e14ae/Screenshot+2025-05-27+124320.png Briefs - How Brain Injuries Affect Sleep-Related Neurons Differently in Male and Female Mice About the brief writer: Diana Pham Diana is a Neuroscience Ph.D. student in Dr. Brett Foster’s lab. She is broadly interested in how memories are encoded and consolidated in the brain. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-memory-reactivation monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/7e0e290a-3d13-4bee-a1e1-90cbe1adf5d9/Liz_headshot.jpeg Briefs - How does the brain transform our memories during sleep? About the author: Liz Siefert Liz is a 4th year PhD candidate working with Dr. Anna Schapiro and Dr. Brett Foster. She is interested in how our memories change and shift overtime, and the role of arousal states (wake, sleep) in these changes. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b57d8753-e87c-4924-a4de-d085adc24a45/Fig1_CatrinaHacker_Apr2025.png Briefs - How does the brain transform our memories during sleep? - Make it stand out Figure 1. Satellites used in the memory task. Satellites belonged to three groups: alpha, beta, or gamma. The purple and orange boxes highlight the shared and unique features of the satellite volar. The purple boxes show volar’s features that are shared with other satellites in the alpha category, while the orange boxes show the features that are unique to volar. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/6686de94-65e3-4a99-af58-fc1214fa3f1e/Catrina_headshot_PNK+-+Catrina+Hacker.JPEG Briefs - How does the brain transform our memories during sleep? About the brief writer: Catrina Hacker Catrina Hacker is a PhD candidate working in Dr. Nicole Rust’s Lab. She is broadly interested in the neural correlates of cognitive processes and is currently studying how we remember what we see. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-pet-neurodegeneration monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/19dccbf1-2251-4799-a2a9-35f5d3e4d239/Evan_Gallagher.jpg Briefs - A NEW APPROACH TO IMAGING THE BRAIN DURING EARLY-STAGE NEURODEGENERATION Evan Gallagher is a recent graduate of Penn’s neuroscience graduate program, and the lead author on this study. He is broadly interested in using neuroimaging approaches like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) to study complex biological processes in living animals and people. Ultimately, he hopes that his work allows us to better understand—and eventually treat—major neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/62b5ef64-50b7-4b00-8c72-6926b3bf1fcc/kara.jpeg Briefs - A NEW APPROACH TO IMAGING THE BRAIN DURING EARLY-STAGE NEURODEGENERATION About the brief writer: Kara McGaughey Kara is a PhD candidate in Josh Gold’s lab studying how we make decisions in the face of uncertainty and instability. Combining electrophysiology and computational modeling, she’s investigating the neural mechanisms that may underlie this adaptive behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-autism-neurexin monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/22a04535-9568-43d8-95dc-0c1791501559/Mara_Cowen.jpg Briefs - How genes influence social behavior in animals Mara Cowen was the lead author on this study. Mara was co-mentored by Dr. Mike Hart and Dr. David Raizen and researched the effect of mutations in the autism-related gene, Neurexin, on aggregation, stress response, sleep, and neuronal morphology in C. elegans as part of the Autism Spectrum Program of Excellence (ASPE). When not in the lab, Mara can be found traveling, baking, binge-watching Netflix, and going to breweries with her rescue Australian Shepherd, Crispr! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/2894d35c-60ba-4356-9d96-4417a25bf810/Fig1_JafarBhatti_Feb2025.png Briefs - How genes influence social behavior in animals - Make it stand out Figure 1. The effect of different genes on social feeding behavior in C. elegans. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/a70c1e61-28dd-48ee-81f2-676b9753cfd5/jafar+photo_cropped.jpg Briefs - How genes influence social behavior in animals About the brief writer: Jafar Bhatti Jafar Bhatti is a PhD Candidate in the lab of Dr. Long Ding / Dr. Josh Gold. He is broadly interested in brain systems involved in sensory decision-making. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-wckdx-3a2pd-5r9ac-psa6a monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/a0112201-576c-4684-b0bb-8e468f4404a7/Brandon_Bastien.jpg Briefs - Brain cells communicate to help us find food Brandon Bastien was the lead author on this study. Brandon graduated from Swarthmore College with a degree in neuroscience with high honors. He then obtained his PhD in Neuroscience from the University of Pennsylvania in the Hart Lab and has continued his work as a postdoctoral researcher. Since joining the Hart lab, his focus has been on defining the circuitry underling how C. elegans respond to food deprivation stress and how certain synaptic proteins, some of which have orthologs in humans (like neurexins and casprs), and neuromodulators may distinctly act within this behavior-generating circuit. Outside of lab, he enjoys TV shows, football, Eurovision, and traveling. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/8628c174-6e1f-4aad-aaf9-b3b8dbb643da/Sophia_Villiere_Jan2025_Fig1.jpeg Briefs - Brain cells communicate to help us find food - Make it stand out Figure 1: Neurons may communicate through chemical synapses. The adhesion molecules and molecules dictates the synaptic communication. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/856867ae-d68f-4605-a414-2e0208ef0eae/Sophia_Villiere_Jan2025_Fig2.jpeg Briefs - Brain cells communicate to help us find food - Make it stand out Figure 2: γ version and α isoforms of neurexin in a synaptic structure https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/eae69274-2a37-41bf-9ae0-1ae70667a5fd/Sophia_Villiere_Jan2025_Fig3.jpeg Briefs - Brain cells communicate to help us find food - Make it stand out Figure 3: animals that are food deprived have more activity than animals with food. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/7dfba135-712e-409d-98ee-738bdb32b264/Sophia_Villiere_Jan2025_Fig4.jpg Briefs - Brain cells communicate to help us find food - Make it stand out Figure 4: The γ version of neurexin is important for starting the food search behavior, while the α version of neurexin is important for maintaining food search behavior. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/cc9f5bfe-a822-4091-a867-96a5bdb190f6/Sophia_Villiere.jpg Briefs - Brain cells communicate to help us find food About the brief writer: Sophia M. Villiere Sophia is a PhD Candidate in Michael P. Hart’s lab in the Neuroscience Graduate Group at the University of Pennsylvania, studying how autism associated gene mutations affect neuron morphology and behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-scar20 monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/692f76cf-2a03-44fb-b4ef-4d6586bfe51b/VBS_Headshot.jpeg Briefs - The inner workings of a rare childhood disease Vanessa Sanchez was the lead author on this study. As a scientist, Vanessa is passionate about understanding the cell biology of neurons, especially in the context of pediatric neurodevelopmental – degenerative disorders. Outside of lab, you can find Vanessa tending to her garden, trying new recipes, rock climbing, or hanging out with her cat, Jiji! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b4021102-92ca-4645-bffd-8a9afade5e3e/JafarBhatti_Oct2024_Fig1.png Briefs - The inner workings of a rare childhood disease - Make it stand out Figure 1. Key takeaways from Vanessa and colleagues’ experiments investigating the underlying causes of the SCAR20 disease. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/5e97f168-3c21-4e36-9156-65add3875d51/Jafar_Bhatti.jpg Briefs - The inner workings of a rare childhood disease About the brief writer: Jafar Bhatti Jafar Bhatti is a PhD Candidate in the lab of Dr. Long Ding / Dr. Josh Gold. He is broadly interested in brain systems involved in sensory decision-making. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-anesthesia-sex-differences monthly 0.5 2024-09-27 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/14bc47f0-0a4c-4f64-913e-1eb28f7c1e73/Andi+Wasilczuk+2.png Briefs - Why some people wake up under anesthesia and others don’t (Hint: It’s your Hormones) Dr. Andrzej (Andi) Wasilczuk was the lead author on this study. A recent graduate from Penn Bioengineering, Andi is captivated by the brain’s intricate ability to shift between states of consciousness. His research uses general anesthetics to uncover the neuronal circuits responsible for these shifts, aiming to understand how the brain sustains or disrupts consciousness. By identifying these critical networks, Andi is paving the way for personalized anesthesia and offering new insights into arousal state transitions. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/e69061ac-9986-4225-8e81-49f12040b873/sydney+liu.jpg Briefs - Why some people wake up under anesthesia and others don’t (Hint: It’s your Hormones) About the brief writer: Sydney Liu Sydney is a guest writer for Brains in Briefs! She is a Penn undergraduate in Dr. Shinjae Chung’s lab researching what makes us sleep and the brain transitions between sleep states. She is a Junior majoring in neuroscience, and is interested in teaching. In her free time, she likes to draw! https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-white-matter-development monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b58f325a-2d2c-4d2c-8d42-c23aa35b559d/Joe%CC%88lle_Bagautdinova.jpeg Briefs - Finding the patterns of white matter growth that support children’s cognitive development - Joëlle Bagautdinova was the lead author on this study. Joëlle is broadly interested in brain development and how this may go awry in psychiatric disorders. For her PhD in Dr. Ted Satterthwaite’s lab, Joëlle is using neuroimaging to study the mechanisms underlying brain development, cognition and psychiatric disorders. She is particularly interested in understanding the potential role of sleep as a risk factor in the emergence of mental illness. Joëlle Bagautdinova was the lead author on this study. Joëlle is broadly interested in brain development and how this may go awry in psychiatric disorders. For her PhD in Dr. Ted Satterthwaite’s lab, Joëlle is using neuroimaging to study the mechanisms underlying brain development, cognition and psychiatric disorders. She is particularly interested in understanding the potential role of sleep as a risk factor in the emergence of mental illness. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/bdeb1b21-4cab-4f6d-9337-25c7da02b3b1/MargaretGardner_Sep2024_Fig1.jpg Briefs - Finding the patterns of white matter growth that support children’s cognitive development Figure 1. White matter tracts can be measured by their density and cross-section. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/d7a31818-24f6-491c-b1d7-53026dc33a0e/MargaretGardner_Sep2024_Fig2.jpg Briefs - Finding the patterns of white matter growth that support children’s cognitive development - Make it stand out Figure 2. Points of white matter can be grouped by how similar their FDC (fiber density and cross-section) values are. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/cd0f40b6-6b2f-4589-823b-917958e693a7/Margaret_Gardner.jpeg Briefs - Finding the patterns of white matter growth that support children’s cognitive development About the brief writer: Margaret Gardner Margaret is a PhD student in the Brain-Gene-Development Lab working with Dr. Aaron Alexander-Bloch. She is interested in studying how different biological and demographic factors influence people’s brain development and their risk for mental illnesses. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/a-bark-or-a-grunt-a-look-at-what-makes-animal-calls-sound-different monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/150ef596-32b2-47db-a7a2-9521b90d2e86/Ron+DiTullio.jpg Briefs - A bark or a grunt? A look at what makes animal calls sound different Ron DiTullio was the lead author on this study. He is a computational neuroscientist who studies how the brain transforms information about the outside world into efficient and useful neural representations. His current work focus on spatial navigation and memory, audition, and social cognition with future work planned to focus on vision. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/8655f287-625d-45c4-a658-5b41c7dc2286/Catrina_Hacker.JPEG Briefs - A bark or a grunt? A look at what makes animal calls sound different About the brief writer: Catrina Hacker is a PhD candidate working in Dr. Nicole Rust’s Lab. She is broadly interested in the neural correlates of cognitive processes and is currently studying how we remember what we see. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-pwaves monthly 0.5 2025-10-01 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b543bf0a-d13b-4af5-930e-faeecaabb5f3/mandy.d2a1c22a.png Briefs - Neurons in the brainstem promote REM sleep and trigger brainwaves that might cause dreaming Dr. Amanda (Mandy) Schott was the lead author on this study. As a researcher, Mandy is most interested in defining neural circuits, and how specific populations of cells communicate to generate essential human behaviors such as sleep. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/90701c66-5272-41b4-a940-0e3b2b2a2626/emily.c2767736.jpg Briefs - Neurons in the brainstem promote REM sleep and trigger brainwaves that might cause dreaming About the brief writer: Emily Pickup Emily is a 4th year PhD candidate in Dr. Franz Weber’s lab. She is interested in the biological functions of sleep. Specifically, she is interested in understanding the function of REM-specific p-waves. The large pontine waveform implicated in memory consolidation discussed in the brief above. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/zipcodedisparities monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/78419319-3bd6-4db9-9d22-e7b91a991d35/Isabel+yannatos.png Briefs - Does zip code contribute to racial health disparities in aging? Isabel Yannatos was the lead author on this study. They studied racial disparities in aging, examining how the external environment is internalized to influence health outcomes among Black and White Americans. Currently, they are pursuing a career in health policy to move towards health equity. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/9e24fd49-bf16-4c5a-adf7-5094305e3ba4/Kara_McGaughey.jpeg Briefs - Does zip code contribute to racial health disparities in aging? About the brief writer: Kara McGaughey Kara is a PhD candidate in Josh Gold’s lab studying how we make decisions in the face of uncertainty and instability. Combining electrophysiology and computational modeling, she’s investigating the neural mechanisms underlying this adaptive behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-sex-differences-opioid-withdrawal monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/a30afdea-8240-4da5-851f-b6adfd67a88e/dan+kalamarides.png Briefs - Sex matters: Exploring sex differences in opioid withdrawal mechanisms Dan Kalamarides was the lead author on this study. Dan’s research interests are rooted in neuropsychopharmacology, that is, the intersection of brain physiology, drugs (both “good” and “bad”), and behavior. This interest has been applied in the context of preclinical models for several therapeutic areas including substance use disorders, pain, neuroinflammation, and depression. Dan is currently planning to transition to industry where he can leverage his neuroscience expertise in the pharmaceutical world to enhance treatment strategies for mental health disorders and brain diseases. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b8958757-7a4a-4b5c-890e-5f8ee505d0ee/Lyndsay_Hastings.JPG Briefs - Sex matters: Exploring sex differences in opioid withdrawal mechanisms About the brief writer: Lyndsay Hastings Lyndsay is a first year NGG PhD student broadly interested in the relationship between neurocircuitry and behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/weight-loss-drugs-can-also-be-leveraged-to-curb-nicotine-use monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/fde90812-6c35-4409-a676-25e457e14663/rae+herman.jpg Briefs - Weight loss drugs can also be leveraged to curb nicotine use Rae Herman was the lead author on this study. Rae is a 5th year PhD Candidate in the lab of Dr. Heath Schmidt. Her research investigates the potential of repurposing current medications for obesity/type II diabetes as novel treatments for substance use disorders. She also explores neural basis of drug seeking with a focus on nicotine and fentanyl use disorder. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/49595bae-cfd0-4da5-b98a-f6518c541a89/Aaron_McKnight.jpg Briefs - Weight loss drugs can also be leveraged to curb nicotine use About the brief writer: Aaron McKnight Aaron is a PhD Candidate in Amber Alhadeff’s lab. The Alhadeff Lab is focused on understanding how different macronutrients are detected within the gastrointestinal tract and how this information is relayed to hypothalamic agouti-related protein (AgRP)-expressing neurons (a group of neurons that drive feeding behavior!). https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-mindful-brain-states monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/92ad1537-3622-43a5-923d-f7e3643eae1a/Dale_Zhou.jpg Briefs - Understanding the brain during mindfulness Dale Zhou was the lead author on this study. Dale is interested in how the brain network compresses and reconstructs information as network structure changes across the lifespan. He aims to account for computations of memory and reward as network functions of dimensionality reduction and expansion using experimental, naturalistic, and clinical data. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/924e3829-537b-4c7f-814e-11a8f3a9d82a/test.png Briefs - Understanding the brain during mindfulness - Make it stand out Figure 1: Simplified representation of brain states. In this example, the brain has only two areas and the brain state is defined by the activity of region 1 and region 2. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/e59e6081-3268-4cca-b48a-cf495a4e5d50/Jafar_Bhatti.jpg Briefs - Understanding the brain during mindfulness About the brief writer: Jafar Bhatti Jafar is a PhD Candidate in Long Ding and Josh Gold’s lab. He is broadly interested in brain systems involved in sensory decision-making. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-actin-purification monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b259bb8e-eb6b-48d3-9791-e6361b7f8bf8/RHC+2022+head+shot.jpg Briefs - A new method for looking through the (cyto)skeletons in the closet Rachel Dvorak was the lead author on this study. She is interested in studying the biochemical mechanisms by which mutations in gamma smooth muscle actin cause visceral myopathy. Patients with visceral myopathy present with severe abdominal distension, intractable constipation, feeding intolerance, and growth delays. Because there are no targeted therapies for this disease, many patients die in adolescence. She hopes that by understanding how disease-causing mutations alter actin biochemistry we can develop treatments for patients with visceral myopathy and other rare conditions caused by actin mutations. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/13b1a6f5-22a4-4d68-926c-8b4f47bf055d/JuliaRiley_Headshot.jpg Briefs - A new method for looking through the (cyto)skeletons in the closet About the brief writer: Julia Riley Julia is a PhD candidate in Dr. Erika Holzbaur’s lab studying the consequences that damaged mitochondria (the powerhouses of the cell) have on the function of astrocytes, a cell type found in the brain. This is important for understanding diseases like Parkinson’s, where we know mitochondrial damage occurs but don’t fully understand how it impacts the health of brain cells. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-brain-development monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/b9efd1a3-2a17-460d-87e0-692283fe5c55/Ursula_Tooley_Honeys.jpg Briefs - Little kids, big insights: What childhood can teach us about how the brain supports cognition Ursula Tooley was the lead author on this study. Ursula is a postdoctoral research scholar at Washington University in St. Louis. Her research examines functional brain network development in neonates and toddlers, with a focus on the pace of brain maturation and how neuroplasticity changes across development. She received her Ph.D. in Neuroscience in 2022 from the University of Pennsylvania, under the direction of Dr. Allyson Mackey and Dr. Dani Bassett, where she studied functional brain network development in children and adolescents. She received her B.S. in Neuroscience from the University of Arizona, where she conducted research on sleep disruption in children with Down syndrome. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/8da8895b-94d4-42cb-bd79-329e4091e987/figure+1.png Briefs - Little kids, big insights: What childhood can teach us about how the brain supports cognition - Figure 1 Figure 1: An example question from the cognitive reasoning test, which was administered at different difficulty levels to children in the study depending on their age. Here, we see the red rectangle switches from the background (left) to the foreground (right). To answer the question correctly, the child has to understand this spatial relationship for the rectangles and extend it to the pentagons. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/cadd6484-f054-4f3b-975b-5bc6e2194e63/figure+2.png Briefs - Little kids, big insights: What childhood can teach us about how the brain supports cognition - Figure 2 Figure 2. As we age and develop, our brain systems (red, green, and blue ovals) reorganize, moving from more integrated (e.g., many connections between systems) to more modular (e.g., more connections within systems and fewer connections between systems). Ursula’s work shows that this brain system separation supports the development of cognitive skills, like reasoning. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/115a50a0-c98b-4abb-a324-c210b43667e5/Kara_McGaughey.jpeg Briefs - Little kids, big insights: What childhood can teach us about how the brain supports cognition About the brief writer: Kara McGaughey Kara is a PhD candidate in Josh Gold’s lab studying how we make decisions in the face of uncertainty and instability. Combining electrophysiology and computational modeling, she’s investigating the neural mechanisms that may underlie this adaptive behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-brain-symphony monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/8fa2d60d-8a2b-4c0b-bc61-da29c8b2ff30/brenna+headshot.jpeg Briefs - Keeping your brain's symphony in sync Dr. Brenna Shortal was one of the two lead authors of this publication. Her graduate and undergraduate research focused on understanding the neurological mechanisms of consciousness, and she has published a number of papers on the topic. While she was a student at UPenn, Dr. Shortal was the director of Brains in Briefs, and her passion for science communication led her to pursue a career as a medical writer for Red Nucleus following her graduation in 2021. She hopes to continue working to communicate and advocate for scientific research to broad audiences. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/07878436-7001-4ad9-b75a-ba584339f854/Blackwood+Ethan+04_rectsmaller.jpg Briefs - Keeping your brain's symphony in sync - Make it stand out Ethan Blackwood is a fifth-year neuroscience graduate student in the lab of Dr. Alex Proekt. Before coming to Penn and as a rotation student with Dr. Proekt, his research focused on how neural oscillations ("brain waves") change over time or with stimulation and what this means for behavior. More recently, he has been zooming in to the individual neuron level and studying how the firing of large groups of neurons changes during learning. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/6e006fed-a2f8-4365-a68c-45e76d38d1b9/Catrina_Hacker.JPEG Briefs - Keeping your brain's symphony in sync About the brief writer: Catrina Hacker Catrina Hacker is a PhD candidate working in Dr. Nicole Rust’s lab. She is broadly interested in the neural correlates of cognitive processes and is currently studying how we remember what we see. She also co-directs PennNeuroKnow. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-zebrafish-decisions monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/d273c8e4-79f8-4b0b-bf4a-2b7834839b08/Hannah_Shoenhard.jpg Briefs - Scientists use zebrafish to understand how the brain makes decisions! Dr. Hannah Shoenhard was the lead author on this study. Hannah hopes to one day run a lab that connects the “small picture“ (molecules, genes, and proteins) to the “big picture“ (circuits and behaviors) in neuroscience. After earning her PhD in the Granato lab using zebrafish as a model system to study decision making, she moved to do a postdoc in the Sehgal lab studying sleep and memory in fruit flies. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/a2b9624e-230a-47ac-b9a6-7307a8f09c49/image1.jpg Briefs - Scientists use zebrafish to understand how the brain makes decisions! - Figure 1: Image of a zebrafish used in scientific research. Source: https://news.mit.edu/2022/smarter-zebrafish-study-1118 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/dc2a8d88-eb92-44b2-9a97-23a49c86dc6e/Jafar_Bhatti.jpg Briefs - Scientists use zebrafish to understand how the brain makes decisions! About the brief writer: Jafar Bhatti Jafar is a PhD Candidate in Maria Geffen’s lab. He is broadly interested in brain networks involved in auditory processing and decision-making. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-bbb-schizophrenia monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/a07360b7-d1c0-47d9-9980-19c229825024/alexis+crockett.jpg Briefs - A case of leaky brain barrier: how missing a piece of chromosome 22 can lead to schizophrenia Alexis Crockett was the lead author on this study. She is interested in understanding how the rest of the body affects the brain to change behavior. One way the body signals to the brain and changes its function is through activation of the immune system. Her research focuses on how the immune system can become activated, and tries to understand how this inflammation is able to bypass all the barriers that are supposed to protect the brain from this inflammation. She is currently continuing this line of study in her postdoctoral fellowship at the Cleveland Clinic in the laboratory of Dr. Dimitrios Davalos. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/e32b14a2-310c-4ed8-93df-62d836b55ada/phuong+nguyen.png Briefs - A case of leaky brain barrier: how missing a piece of chromosome 22 can lead to schizophrenia About the brief writer: Phuong Nguyen Phuong is a PhD Candidate in Dr. Katy Wellen’s lab at Penn. Her research journey started in her undergraduate study at Drexel University when she performed a drug screening on a fruit fly model of Alzheimer’s disease. She then decided to pursue her PhD training in Neuroscience at Penn. She set out to characterize the brain function of a novel mouse model lacking Acly, an important enzyme for lipid synthesis and various metabolic processes. Interestingly, the brain demonstrated a remarkable resilience to the loss of this enzyme, while the skin of those mice was severely damaged that was associated with fat loss and premature death. Her research work revealed a crosstalk among the skin, the fat tissue, and the dietary lipids. She hopes to continue her research in understanding the complex metabolic crosstalk between organs, especially focusing on the brain, and how nutrition impacts those crosstalks. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-stress-aging monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/184c6e41-0db3-4bad-8cba-50d06613aafb/Jennifer_Hafycz.jpeg Briefs - Can we improve how we age by using therapies that reduce brain stress? Dr. Jennifer Hafycz was the lead author on this study. Jennifer is interested in understanding how molecular signaling affects the brain and, ultimately, behavior. Specifically, she’s interested in discovering the molecular signaling changes that occur during aging to improve our function as we age! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/27b431a9-ae77-4c65-9350-bce4f87cd016/sai.jpeg Briefs - Can we improve how we age by using therapies that reduce brain stress? About the brief writer: Sai is a 2nd year PhD Candidate in Chris Bennett’s Lab. Sai is interested in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying immune dysfunction in Krabbe disease. Ultimately, he wants to develop safer immunotherapies for the devastating pediatric disease. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-brain-waves monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/460d046e-71ac-463e-b2aa-c3989efb3a21/Adeeti_Aggarwal.jpeg Briefs - How brain waves might help us see Dr. Adeeti Aggarwal was the lead author on this study. Her ultimate career goal is to become an academic ophthalmologist whose clinical insights motivate her research in visual processing, and whose research also translates back to patient care. She is fascinated by how cortical networks transform visual sensory information into perception and how defects in sensory processing may alter or abolish perception such as in hallucinations or blindness. This interest has driven her research in graduate school and she hopes to continue studying how visual processing pathways participate in perceptual experience as her career progresses. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/ebedbb9e-13ca-4a75-aa60-9e82a2eeab0d/Fig1.png Briefs - How brain waves might help us see - Figure 1 Illustration of the hypothesized direction of the flow of brain activity for feedforward waves (yellow) and feedback waves (blue). Figure made with biorender.com. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/c1b60d1d-92dd-439d-b24c-5a9a9eb86358/Catrina_Hacker.JPEG Briefs - How brain waves might help us see About the brief writer: Catrina Hacker Catrina Hacker is a PhD candidate working in Dr. Nicole Rust’s Lab. She is broadly interested in the neural correlates of cognitive processes and is currently studying how we remember what we see. She also co-directs PennNeuroKnow. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-social-connections-predicts-brain-structure monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1f138f15-9e26-4289-ba43-8e7646db181d/Camille_Testard.jpeg Briefs - Does the size of your social network predict how big certain parts of your brain are? Camille was the lead author on this study. She is a 5th year graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania with Dr. Michael Platt. She wants to understand the evolution and neurobiological mechanisms of social relationships in primates using approaches from behavioral ecology of primates in the wild to single cell electrophysiology in the lab! https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/59a44830-87e4-4f9c-98b7-8d5a5158ca96/monkey.png Briefs - Does the size of your social network predict how big certain parts of your brain are? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/baa96ed1-032c-4b72-b123-fc7d7c8071f3/fig1.png Briefs - Does the size of your social network predict how big certain parts of your brain are? https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/6ca6316a-6a6a-43d8-a545-3247f20d0c0d/Jafar_Bhatti.jpg Briefs - Does the size of your social network predict how big certain parts of your brain are? About the brief writer: Jafar Bhatti Jafar is a PhD Candidate in Maria Geffen’s lab. I’m broadly interested in brain networks involved in auditory processing and decision-making. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-personalized-brain-networks monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/4a4c5e36-f15e-4cc7-accc-0c5f90aa15fb/Adam_Pines.jpg Briefs - How different levels of brain development help adolescent cognition - or don’t Adam Pines was the lead author on this study. Adam is a postdoctoral fellow in the Stanford PanLab for Precision Psychiatry and Translational Neuroscience. He completed his Ph.D. in Neuroscience at UPenn in 2022. His other research interests include developmental neuroscience, brain-environment interactions, and adaptive plasticity in the brain. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/4375fc3b-1d8e-4ab0-a4c4-064345cc2a30/fig1.jpg Briefs - How different levels of brain development help adolescent cognition - or don’t - Figure 1: Illustration of personalized functional networks mapped for varying numbers of networks. Adam mapped the unique functional networks of each person in the study (PFNs), as shown in the rows. He also divided the brain’s activity into different numbers of networks, with maps of 4, 7, and 13 networks pictured. Different colors show that the brain regions are part of different functional networks. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/aae1e72d-8f63-4c5a-98ce-465611f76411/Margaret_Gardner.jpeg Briefs - How different levels of brain development help adolescent cognition - or don’t About the brief writer: Margaret Gardner Margaret is a PhD student in the Brain-Gene-Development Lab working with Dr. Aaron Alexander-Bloch. She is interested in studying how different biological and demographic factors influence people’s brain development and their risk for mental illnesses. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/bib-brain-stimulation monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/ac9759da-70e2-45d7-9e43-d391a4356759/Valerie_Sydnor.jpeg Briefs - Can we use maps of how brain regions are connected to better target brain stimulation? Valerie Sydnor was the lead author on this study. Valerie is a PhD candidate in Ted Satterthwaite’s lab studying how brain plasticity changes throughout neurodevelopment. Valerie aims to uncover how developmental programs contribute to the emergence of youth psychiatric disorders. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/d4646be2-89a0-4673-bd7c-752ae4e864e6/Kara_McGaughey.jpeg Briefs - Can we use maps of how brain regions are connected to better target brain stimulation? About the brief writer: Kara McGaughey Kara is a PhD candidate in Josh Gold’s lab studying how we make decisions in the face of uncertainty and instability. Combining electrophysiology and computational modeling, she’s investigating the neural mechanisms that may underlie this adaptive behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-sm7b7-whzca monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/f9094ab1-cce2-4ae3-8e64-0b7027d99342/Ilenna_Jones.jpg Briefs - Can a single neuron in the brain really solve complicated problems all by itself? Ilenna Jones was the lead author on these studies. She is a Neuroscience Ph.D. candidate in Dr. Konrad Kording’s lab at Penn. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/ce0b0879-cd1a-42b0-9985-73e67aed3548/purkinje.png Briefs - Can a single neuron in the brain really solve complicated problems all by itself? - Figure 1: Purkinje neuron Figure 1: A Purkinje neuron found exclusively in the cerebellum. Illustration by Ramon y Cajal. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/e86bb462-4926-40e9-ab24-e74558682c77/Joe_Stucynski.jpg Briefs - Can a single neuron in the brain really solve complicated problems all by itself? About the brief writer: Joe Stucynski Joe is a graduate student in Dr. Franz Weber’s and Dr. Shinjae Chung’s labs at Penn. He is broadly interested in what makes us sleep how the brain transitions between states. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/10/26/predicting-psychosis monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/6c1b7c8a-15d3-4ccd-95af-425c8db90e32/Valerie_Sydnor.jpeg Briefs - Human brain imaging highlights a relationship between excitatory and antioxidant neurochemicals and psychosis Valerie Sydnor was the lead author on this study. Valerie is a PhD candidate in Ted Satterthwaite’s lab studying how brain plasticity changes throughout neurodevelopment. Valerie aims to uncover how developmental programs contribute to the emergence of youth psychiatric disorders. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/d8c89a2a-1454-4b1b-9b5e-e23a54a1e3ce/Kara_McGaughey.jpeg Briefs - Human brain imaging highlights a relationship between excitatory and antioxidant neurochemicals and psychosis About the brief writer: Kara McGaughey Kara is a PhD candidate in Josh Gold’s lab studying how we make decisions in the face of uncertainty and instability. Combining electrophysiology and computational modeling, she’s investigating the neural mechanisms that may underlie this adaptive behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/8/10/structure-function-coupling monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/21f2dba1-c0f7-40fa-ada1-129fc3ce1f96/Rebecca_Somach.png Briefs - How do the brain’s structure and function develop together through adolescence? About the brief writer: Rebecca Somach Rebecca is a PhD Candidate in Akiva Cohen’s lab. She is interested in using electrophysiology to answer interesting and novel questions in neuroscience. Her current research focuses on how mild traumatic brain injury alters the neuronal circuitry of sleep. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/8/2/shedding-light-on-migraines monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1627937496629-2TA7QMUGEHQ2XU1O0S1F/foshe1.png Briefs - Shedding light on migraines: Signals from the eye make people with migraine more sensitive to light - Make it stand out Figure 1: Anatomy of the eye and retina (adapted from webvision.med.utah.edu) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1627936353146-8E8R2V4Q85XTX6SPUDCQ/20210426.jpg Briefs - Shedding light on migraines: Signals from the eye make people with migraine more sensitive to light About the brief writer: Sierra Foshe Sierra is a PhD student in Josh Dunaief's lab. She is interested in the mechanisms of retinal inflammation and degeneration. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/05/05/nicotine-and-booze monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1620226869610-OPO0XMGP8A2M6W16THCU/nemec+fig+1.png Briefs - Nicotine and Booze: Why smoking as a teen can lead to alcohol abuse as an adult Figure 1. The Neurological Link Between Nicotine and Alcohol Abuse. Adolescent nicotine exposure decreases the ability of GABA neurons to get rid of chloride ions (1), causing a buildup of chloride in the cell (2). The buildup of negative charge causes the GABA neuron to release more neurotransmitter (3). As these neurotransmitters are inhibitory, they decrease the activity of the dopamine neuron that the GABA neuron is communicating with (4). Now in adulthood, the dopamine neuron requires more alcohol (5) in order to feel as “good” as the normal brain does, leading to excessive alcohol consumption. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1620226635227-PDMM21UOTRMZRFP5FE16/KelseyNemec.jpg Briefs - Nicotine and Booze: Why smoking as a teen can lead to alcohol abuse as an adult About the brief writer: Kelsey Nemec Kelsey is a PhD Candidate in Chris Bennett’s lab. She is interested in understanding how peripheral immune cells infiltrate the brain, with the hopes of harnessing them to treat brain diseases. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/04/05/improving-how-we-visualize-brain-changes monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/34a43e16-e05a-4d6d-8c66-021d61e57dc7/Adam_Pines.jpg Briefs - Improving how we visualize brain changes from youth to adulthood Adam Pines was the lead author on this study. Adam is a PhD candidate in Ted Satterthwaite's Lab. He is interested in understanding how psychopathology emerges from neurocognitive development https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1617569246275-ZBYC8K8W0XDWW7G4A6JB/SaraTaylorPicture+%282%29.jpg Briefs - Improving how we visualize brain changes from youth to adulthood About the brief writer: Sara Taylor Sara Taylor is a PhD Candidate in Ted Brodkin’s lab. She is interested in understanding how behaviors associated with Autism Spectrum are related to each other as well as their genetic basis. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/03/21/the-key-to-assessing-alzheimers-disease-treatments monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1616379198316-1BAQPGT0USOTZOH1XFPN/Dai_Headshot.jpg Briefs - The key to assessing Alzheimer’s disease treatments? Test them in Parkinson’s disease patients. David Dai was the lead author on this study, and was the writer of this brief. David is a MD/PhD student in Eddie Lee's lab. He is interested in understanding the mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2021/02/24/how-is-the-brain-fighting-hiv monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1614185292922-57H98S2OTQV8IU6TM2WL/Copley_brief_fig1.png Briefs - How is the brain fighting HIV? Figure 1: Potential mechanism by which HO-1 prevents development of HAND. HIV leads to inflammation (which involves immune cell activation), and whether or not the individual then develops HAND might depend on the level of HO-1 protein they have. (A) If an individual has a high level of HO-1 protein this might enable them to maintain normal cognition. (B) An individual with a low level of HO-1 protein might not be able to properly respond to the inflammation, and will develop HAND. Image created with BioRender.com https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1614183727465-X377ZA08KXV1S2M9CGQT/Copley_Katie.jpg Briefs - How is the brain fighting HIV? About the brief writer: Katie Copley Katie is a PhD student in Dr. Jim Shorter’s lab. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-sm7b7-hg5ht-2brea monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1606752597908-B58LAU41SJ8SDH8N1HP3/Felicia.jpg Briefs - A mouse model for autism and ADHD can mimic sex differences in sleep About the brief writer: Felicia Davatolhagh Felicia is a PhD Candidate in Marc Fuccillo’s lab. She is a seventh year studying the impact of neuropsychiatric disease on synaptic connectivity and synaptic function. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1595203930139-BX4ZUTYV6LHPY9HX3WFP/Rachel_Dvorak_7258_png.jpg Briefs - How neurons regulate transport on the microtubule highway system. About the brief writer: Rachel Cerón Rachel is a PhD Candidate co-mentored by Robert Heuckeroth and Roberto Dominguez. She is studying molecular mechanisms that underlie human diseases in the gastrointestinal system including those that affect the enteric nervous system (the brain in your gut). https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-ny6fn monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1593997519845-I9533M0Y6OLNZSOZRXQK/solymar.cdce4ae4.jpg Briefs - An itch we can't scratch ... yet About the brief writer: Solymar Rolon Solymar is a PhD Candidate in Maria Geffen’s lab. She is studying the role of amygdala-thalamic projections in auditory behavior. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-9694h monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1587395473174-Q9A5THOOCM4KCVHQ6DLC/Screen+Shot+2020-04-20+at+11.07.44+AM.png Briefs - I can almost see it now: How having a more vivid visual imagination makes us less willing to wait. About the brief writer: Ron DiTullio Ron is a PhD Candidate in the Cohen Lab and Balasubramanian Group whose work revolves around determining how the brain processes and stores information about the external world. Specifically, he focuses on how we are able to hear and recognize sounds as well as how we remember directions and events of our life. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-wpm23 monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1586706261398-OCZCDA6EW8S6TGOJZCWB/Katerina+Placek.png Briefs - Cognitive reserve: keeping your mind young while your brain ages. Katerina Placek was the lead author on this study. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1586706777414-P27DZIIYWJINBMG48HX6/EmilyFeierman.JPG Briefs - Cognitive reserve: keeping your mind young while your brain ages. About the brief writer: Emily Feierman Emily is a second year graduate student interested in understanding how complex learning processes are disrupted in neuropsychiatric disease. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-tfyhn monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1586123374828-CRUFY8PVWB9HVD3K511B/Lexi_ellis.JPG Briefs - A medication for opioid addiction may also help people suffering from depression. Meet the brief writer: Lexi Ellis https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-65eb8 monthly 0.5 2025-09-29 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/f8293cc2-47ba-428d-8e8a-a9638ddb602a/Kara_McGaughey.jpeg Briefs - Are teens uniquely susceptible to long-term effects of stress? About the brief writer: Kara McGaughey Fascinated by the long-standing linguistic connection between the gut and the brain ("gutsy," "gut feeling," "gut instinct," etc.), Kara is using her second year in NGG to examine the interplay between microbiota and brain development. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-zs2hm monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1584303179027-9GEMY3Q8EX5Z0MDLBYMS/NitsanHeadshot.jpg Briefs - Can anti-diabetes drugs be repurposed to treat cocaine addiction? About the brief writer: Nitsan Goldstein Nitsan is a third year graduate student in Nick Betley’s lab. She is interested in how the brain senses the energy needs of the body and coordinates appropriate behaviors https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-5snb8 monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1573852777691-Z6PL14BSGJ3DO7RUO1SR/one.png Briefs - How you find what you’re looking for. Figure 1 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1573853119608-VC76KVJDFPJ3LHR97CAB/two.png Briefs - How you find what you’re looking for. Figure 2 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1573853595327-0KV0NY4Y66H5QFST6T5B/Jeni.jpg Briefs - How you find what you’re looking for. About the brief writer: Jeni Stiso Jeni is a PhD Candidate in Dani Bassett’s lab. Jeni is interested in cognitive and computational neuroscience. She is interested in how changes in the electrical activity of the brain help people learn things. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-6s7s6 monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1572796886414-77KQO1Z1973T0F5HH049/patti.jpg Briefs - My back hurts, my hand hurts: is pain different in different parts of the body? About the brief writer: Patti Murphy Patti is a PhD Candidate in Michael Granato's lab. Patti is interested in understanding and developing therapeutics for functional nerve regeneration, particularly to restore voluntary motor control after spinal cord injury. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-kf5am monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1571408461631-QUG0PU7R69QNRDRVVM2Y/unnamed.png Briefs - It’s all about balance. How a reduction in inhibitory signals in the developing brain could contribute to cognitive deficits in ASD. Figure 1. Brain waves (waveforms adapted from www.themusiciansbrain.com) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1571408835180-CNW82TB1ETBHSOAUKDJO/IMG_20190621_132001_862.jpg Briefs - It’s all about balance. How a reduction in inhibitory signals in the developing brain could contribute to cognitive deficits in ASD. About the brief writer: Brenna Shortal Brenna is a third year student in Alex Proekt’s lab. She is studying the similarities and differences between sleep and anesthesia with the goal of understanding how we wake up. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-kf88r monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1570803117277-9VR8ET00HPQ7WTDY7OO3/lyles.jpg Briefs - Why does a brain with dementia make a person forgetful? About the brief writer: Lyles Clark Lyles is a fourth year student in Amelia Eisch’s lab. Lyles studies how neurons that are born after a traumatic brain injury contribute to pathology and hippocampal circuit dysfunction. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-chsx8 monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1569598119593-7TS11OR0K1JOA5I37NI2/SaraTaylorPicture.jpg Briefs - Does connecting with other people get harder as you get older? About the brief writer: Sara Taylor Sara is a third year graduate student interested in the genetic basis for social behaviors in autism. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-z3wbn monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1568996834989-E8FZTEL1PL448UQ8M9IS/Kelsey+Nemec.png Briefs - A gene linked to schizophrenia? New insights and new models for the devastating disorder. About the brief writer: Kelsey Nemec As a 2nd year NGG student, Kelsey is interested in using neural stem cells to study neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration in various diseases and disorders. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-yptm2 monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1568397614861-F0X9OVPGARK74WWJJSO4/15267889_1322569431107242_3008844570312926956_n.jpg Briefs - Old genes: how the genetics of aging may play a role in Parkinson’s disease. About the brief writer: Dan Kalamarides Dan is a third year student still amazed that we can record activity of a single, live neuron. He studies the role of inhibitory plasticity in the addictive properties of opioids and other drugs. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-scgrm monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-henxx monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1568072814873-B5TRJ3J3JXRBDHG1UCP3/Claudia+Lopez.jpg Briefs - How support cells in the brain support sleep. About the brief writer: Claudia Lopez Claudia is a fourth year Neuroscience graduate student studying HIV-related neurodegeneration. She uses cell culture system to study how HIV infection leads to neuronal dysfunction. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-j3eeg monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1565470353517-2AXLSZ5WUVZ33RYDVGC7/citations.jpeg Briefs - Brains get denser during adolescence--and that might not be a bad thing! Efstathios (Stathis) Gennatas was the lead author on this study. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1565470674994-GYIIAX17H15IEGOURUID/Ursula_Honeys.jpg Briefs - Brains get denser during adolescence--and that might not be a bad thing! About the brief writer: Ursula Tooley Ursula is a PhD Candidate in Allyson Mackey’s and Danielle Bassett’s labs. How does our brain change as we develop from young children to adults, and what functional networks support our ability to learn and reason about the world? How does our early environment shape this? Ursula is a fourth year student interested in the answers to these questions. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2019/5/24/highway-to-the-brain-cells-responsible-for-touch-need-a-support-system-to-grow-really-long-distances-during-development-zmbrw-cp3lf monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59529485b6ac50cb5ad53f55/1558719546205-1ECQMKHGBHF8MUYLT26C/Ortiz%2CElelbin.JPG Briefs - Highway to the brain: cells responsible for touch need a support system to grow really long distances during development About the brief writer: Elelbin Ortiz Elelbin is a PhD Candidate in Michael Granato’s lab. She is interested in understanding how animals set behavioral thresholds, or ways to decide whether information from the environment requires a response or not. She is interested in understanding how an animal's genes (DNA) influence how these behavioral thresholds are set. https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2018/7/27/humans-use-previous-experience-with-categories-of-sounds-to-categorize-new-sounds-as-best-as-they-can monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2018/7/27/theres-a-new-janitor-in-town-cleaning-up-the-mess-in-als monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2018/7/27/recycling-centers-in-the-cells-of-alzheimers-patients-are-less-acidic-than-normal-and-this-impairs-their-function monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2018/7/27/a-misbehaving-catalyst-acts-on-motor-proteins-to-mess-up-shipping-of-materials-inside-neurons monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 https://www.upennglia.com/briefs/2018/7/27/genetic-mutations-related-to-huntingtons-disease-disrupt-the-transport-and-breakdown-of-unwanted-materials-in-the-cell monthly 0.5 2024-09-24 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